Jumat, 30 Desember 2011

TENS ( Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation )

 
What is it?
It is a form of electrical stimulation with surface electrodes to modulate pain perception.

Why do physical therapist use it?
  • To reduce pain perception
  • To reduce spasticity
  • To reduce nausea and vomiting (cancer patients or post-op)
What stages of healing can we use TENS?
  • acute stage
  • sub-acute
  • chronic
What conditions would benefit from TENS?
  • Arthritis
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Cervical spondylosis
  • Low back pain Fibrositis/Myofascial pain syndromes
  • Tendinitis/Bursitis
  • Carpal Tunnel syndrome Radiculopathy
  • Peripheral nerve injuries Phantom limb pain
  • Post operative pain
  • Spinal cord disorders
  • Pain in the terminally ill Labour pain
How does TENS reduce pain perception?
There are 4 theories about the physiological effects of TENS:
  • Gate control theory
  • Opiate-mediated control theory
  • Local vasodilatation of blood vessels in ischemic tissues
  • Stimulation of acupuncture points causes a sensory analgesia effect
References:
  • J Reeve, D Menon, P Corabian. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): atechnology assessment. International Journal of Technology Assessment 1996 12:2: 299-324.
  • D Carroll, M Tramèr, H McQuay, B Nye, A Moore. Randomization is important in studies with pain outcomes: systematic review of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in acute postoperative pain. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1996 77: 798-803.
  • D Carroll, M Tramèr, H McQuay, B Nye, A Moore. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in labour pain: a systematic review. British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 1997 104: 169-175.
 

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